Éditeur(s) : London : J. Johnson, St. Paul's Church Yard & J. Edwards
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Martinique. Bibliothèque Schoelcher
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/SCH13243
SCH13243

Éditeur(s) : Londres : T. Woolmer
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG18190
ADG18190

Éditeur(s) : Edinburgh : Adam and Charles Black
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Provenance : Université Caen Normandie. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/CAE19033_1
CAE19033_1

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Public Library of Science
Résumé : International audience
The cyp19a1 gene that encodes aromatase, the only enzyme permitting conversion of C19 aromatizable androgens into estrogens, is present as a single copy in the genome of most vertebrate species, except in teleosts in which it has been duplicated. This study aimed at investigating the brain expression of a cyp19a1 gene expressed in both gonad and brain of Japanese eel, a basal teleost. By means of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, we show that cyp19a1 is expressed only in radial glial cells of the brain and in pituitary cells. Treatments with salmon pituitary homogenates (female) or human chorionic gonadotrophin (male), known to turn on steroid production in immature eels, strongly stimulated cyp19a1 messenger and protein expression in radial glial cells and pituitary cells. Using double staining studies, we also showed that aromatase-expressing radial glial cells exhibit proliferative activity in both the brain and the pituitary. Altogether, these data indicate that brain and pituitary expression of Japanese eel cyp19a1 exhibits characteristics similar to those reported for the brain specific cyp19a1b gene in teleosts having duplicated cyp19a1 genes. This supports the hypothesis that, despite the fact that eels also underwent the teleost specific genome duplication, they have a single cyp19a1 expressed in both brain and gonad. Such data also suggest that the intriguing features of brain aromatase expression in teleost fishes were not gained after the whole genome duplication and may reflect properties of the cyp19a1 gene of ancestral Actinopterygians.
ISSN: 1932-6203

hal-00877375
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877375
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877375/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00877375/file/Expressionsur Aromatase-accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0044750

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier Masson
Résumé : International audience
In vertebrates, brain functional asymmetries are widespread and increase brain performance. Some species of fishes are known to have brain asymmetries; however, little information is available on brain lateralization in coral reef fishes and the impact this could have during the recruitment phase. In this study, soldierfish, Myripristis pralinia, at the larval and juvenile stage recognized conspecifics through visual cues. Larvae with the ablation of either the right or left telencephalic hemisphere lost the attraction towards conspecific cues. In contrast, juveniles with the ablation of the right (but not left) telencephalic hemisphere still displayed a preference towards conspecific visual cues. These results suggest the left telencephalic hemisphere is responsible for the lateralization process used in the visual recognition of coral reef fish juveniles. The determinism of lateralized perception of conspecifics during fish ontogeny may be a consequence of genetic factors, linked with the metamorphosis processes and/or environmental factors such as predation at recruitment.
ISSN: 0003-3472

hal-01340504
https://hal-univ-perp.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01340504
DOI : 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.011

Éditeur(s) : London : H. Colburn and R. Bentley
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Collectivité territoriale de Martinique. Bibliothèque Schoelcher
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/SCH13081
SCH13081

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Nature Publishing Group
Résumé : International audience
Lateralization, i.e. the preferential use of one side of the body, may convey fitness benefits for organisms within rapidly-changing environments, by optimizing separate and parallel processing of different information between the two brain hemispheres. In coral reef-fishes, the movement of larvae from planktonic to reef environments (recruitment) represents a major life-history transition. This transition requires larvae to rapidly identify and respond to sensory cues to select a suitable habitat that facilitates survival and growth. This ‘recruitment’ is critical for population persistence and resilience. In aquarium experiments, larval Acanthurus triostegus preferentially used their right-eye to investigate a variety of visual stimuli. Despite this, when held in in situ cages with predators, those larvae that previously favored their left-eye exhibited higher survival. These results support the “brain’s right-hemisphere” theory, which predicts that the right-eye (i.e. left-hemisphere) is used to categorize stimuli while the left-eye (i.e. right-hemisphere) is used to inspect novel items and initiate rapid behavioral-responses. While these experiments confirm that being highly lateralized is ecologically advantageous, exposure to chlorpyrifos, a pesticide often inadvertently added to coral-reef waters, impaired visual-lateralization. This suggests that chemical pollutants could impair the brain function of larval fishes during a critical life-history transition, potentially impacting recruitment success.
ISSN: 2045-2322

Droits : http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/
hal-01585550
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01585550
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01585550/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01585550/file/s41598-017-09381-0.pdf
DOI : 10.1038/s41598-017-09381-0

Éditeur(s) : [S.l.] : L.G. Stahl
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 20
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG18107
ADG18107

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
It is becoming clear that the female brain has an inherent plasticity that is expressed during reproduction. The changes that occur benefit the offspring, which in turn secures the survival of the mother’s genetic legacy. Thus, the onset of maternal motivation involves basic mechanisms from genetic expression profiles, to hormone release, to hormone-neuron interactions, all of which fundamentally change the neural architecture – and for a period of time that extends, interestingly, beyond the reproductive life of the female. Although multiple brain areas involved in maternal responses are discussed, this review focuses primarily on plasticity in the maternal hippocampus during pregnancy, the postpartum period and well into aging as it pertains to changes in cognition. In addition, the effects of prolonged and repeated stress on these dynamic responses are considered. The maternal brain is a marvel of directed change, extending into behaviors both obvious (infant-directed) and less obvious (predation, cognition). In sum, the far-reaching effects of reproduction on the female nervous system provide an opportunity to investigate neuroplasticity and behavioral flexibility in a natural mammalian model.
ISSN: 0018-506X

hal-01169791
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169791
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169791/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01169791/file/Neuroplasticity%20In%20The%20Maternal%20Hippocampus_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2015.06.004

Siècle(s) traité(s) : 17
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Archives territoriales de Guyane
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/GAD11008
GAD11008

Éditeur(s) : London : printed for John Clarke at the Bible under the Royal exchange

Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Université de Nantes. Service commun de la documentation
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/NAN13001
NAN13001

Éditeur(s) : Université des Antilles Études caribéennes
Résumé : Loin d’être un phénomène nouveau, les mobilités internationales se sont fortement accrues depuis les années 1960. Aujourd’hui, le contexte de mondialisation tend à accélérer les dynamiques migratoires alors que dans le même temps s’observe une élévation des niveaux d’éducation. Ainsi, la soutenabilité de l’augmentation de la fuite des cerveaux dans le monde soulève interrogations et réflexions.Le poids des flux de migrants qualifiés allié à la fragilité relative des données, pose la nécessité d’aborder en profondeur le problème de la fuite des cerveaux. Une analyse au cas par cas s’impose. À partir de données se rapportant à la diaspora caribéenne sur la base statistique de Docquier et Marfouk, cet article propose une réflexion sur les facteurs explicatifs de la fuite des cerveaux dans les territoires insulaires caribéens.
Far from being a new phenomenon, the international motilities have increased since the 60’s. Today, the context of globalization tends to accelerate the migratory dynamics while at the same time observed a rise of the educational levels. The increase of the brain drain has respite to many questions.Nevertheless, image, nature of flows of skilled migrants combined with relative data’s fragility and the necessity to approach the problem and presenting appropriate policies, impose an analysis case by case. Using data relating to the Caribbean diaspora on the statistical basis of Docquier and Marfouk, this article purpose a reflection on the factors that explain the brain drain in the Caribbean islands.
Caraïbes

Droits : info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
urn:doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.4702
http://journals.openedition.org/etudescaribeennes/4702

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Résumé : International audience
Neuroglobins, previously thought to be restricted to vertebrate neurons, were detected in the brain of a photosymbiotic acoel, Symsagittifera roscoffensis, and in neurosensory cells of the jellyfish Clytia hemisphaerica. For the neuroglobin of S. roscoffensis, a member of a lineage that originated either at the base of the bilateria or of the deuterostome clade, we report the ligand binding properties, crystal structure at 2.3 Å, and brain immunocytochemical pattern. We also describe in situ hybridizations of two neuroglobins specifically expressed in differentiating nematocytes (neurosensory cells) and in statocytes (ciliated mechanosensory cells) of C. hemisphaerica, a member of the early branching animal phylum cnidaria. In silico searches using these neuroglobins as queries revealed the presence of previously unidentified neuroglobin-like sequences in most metazoan lineages. Because neural systems are almost ubiquitous in metazoa, the constitutive expression of neuroglobin-like proteins strongly supports the notion of an intimate association of neuroglobins with the evolution of animal neural systems and hints at the preservation of a vitally important function. Neuroglobins were probably recruited in the first protoneurons in early metazoans from globin precursors. Neuroglobins were identified in choanoflagellates, sponges, and placozoans and were conserved during nervous system evolution. Because the origin of neuroglobins predates the other metazoan globins, it is likely that neuroglobin gene duplication followed by co-option and subfunctionalization led to the emergence of globin families in protostomes and deuterostomes (i.e. convergent evolution).
ISSN: 0021-9258

hal-01020584
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01020584
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01020584/document
http://hal.upmc.fr/hal-01020584/file/Rosko_jbc_revised.pdf
DOI : 10.1074/jbc.M112.407601

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Elsevier
Résumé : International audience
ISSN: 0006-8993

hal-00690129
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00690129

Éditeur(s) : Boston : Estes and Lauriat
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 19
Provenance : Archives départementales de Guadeloupe
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/ADG18205
ADG18205

Éditeur(s) : London : Saunders and Otley
Description : History of the Caribs. Culture and way of life of Antiguans in the 18th and 19th Centuries.
Siècle(s) traité(s) : 18
Droits : Domaine public
Provenance : Ville de Pointe-à-Pitre. Réseau des bibliothèques
Permalien : http://www.manioc.org/patrimon/PAP11081
PAP11081

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Landes Bioscience
Résumé : International audience
In 2008 we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, research on this topic has continued to accelerate, and many new scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Accordingly, it is important to update these guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Various reviews have described the range of assays that have been used for this purpose. Nevertheless, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to measure autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. A key point that needs to be emphasized is that there is a difference between measurements that monitor the numbers or volume of autophagic elements (e.g., autophagosomes or autolysosomes) at any stage of the autophagic process vs. those that measure flux through the autophagy pathway (i.e., the complete process); thus, a block in macroautophagy that results in autophagosome accumulation needs to be differentiated from stimuli that result in increased autophagic activity, defined as increased autophagy induction coupled with increased delivery to, and degradation within, lysosomes (in most higher eukaryotes and some protists such as Dictyostelium) or the vacuole (in plants and fungi). In other words, it is especially important that investigators new to the field understand that the appearance of more autophagosomes does not necessarily equate with more autophagy. In fact, in many cases, autophagosomes accumulate because of a block in trafficking to lysosomes without a concomitant change in autophagosome biogenesis, whereas an increase in autolysosomes may reflect a reduction in degradative activity. Here, we present a set of guidelines for the selection and interpretation of methods for use by investigators who aim to examine macroautophagy and related processes, as well as for reviewers who need to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of papers that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a formulaic set of rules, because the appropriate assays depend in part on the question being asked and the system being used. In addition, we emphasize that no individual assay is guaranteed to be the most appropriate one in every situation, and we strongly recommend the use of multiple assays to monitor autophagy. In these guidelines, we consider these various methods of assessing autophagy and what information can, or cannot, be obtained from them. Finally, by discussing the merits and limits of particular autophagy assays, we hope to encourage technical innovation in the field.
Autophagy

hal-00735751
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00735751
PUBMED : 22966490

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD Wiley
Résumé : International audience
With the growing use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications (SSRIs) for the treatment of depression during the perinatal period, questions have been raised about the longterm impact of these medications on development. We aimed to investigate how developmental SSRI exposure may alter affect-related behaviors and associated molecular processes in offspring using a rodent model of maternal stress and depression. For this purpose, prenatally stressed or non-stressed male offspring were exposed to fluoxetine (5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle, via lactation, until weaning. Primary results show that postnatal fluoxetine exposure differentially altered anxiety-like behavior by increasing anxiety in non-stressed offspring and decreasing anxiety in prenatally stressed offspring. In the hippocampus, developmental fluoxetine exposure decreased BDNF IV and TrkB mRNA expression. Prenatal stress alone also decreased escape behaviors and decreased hippocampal BDNF IV mRNA expression. These data provide important evidence for the long-term programming effects of early-life exposure to SSRIs on brain and behavior.
ISSN: 0012-1630

hal-01305478
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01305478
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01305478/document
https://hal-univ-rennes1.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01305478/file/Developmental%20SSRIs%2C%20anxiety%20and%20BDNF_accepted.pdf
DOI : 10.1002/dev.21385

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD IOS Press
Résumé : International audience
The hematocrit-to-viscosity ratio (HVR) has been widely used has an estimate of red blood cell (RBC) oxygen transport effectiveness into the microvasculature or as an oxygen delivery index. However, no study investigated the possibility of HVR to truly reflect RBC oxygen transport effectiveness or to be an oxygen delivery index. We measured blood viscosity at high shear rate (225 s-1), hematocrit, HVR, as well as the microvascular oxyhemoglobin saturation (TOI; tissue oxygen index) by spatial resolved near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) at cerebral and muscle levels in three population known to have various degrees of hemorheological abnormalities: healthy subjects (AA), patients with sickle cell SC disease (SC) characterized by moderate anemia and patients with sickle cell anemia (SS) marked by severe anemia. At both the cerebral and muscle level, HVR was positively correlated with TOI (r = 0.28; p = 0.03 and r = 0.38; p = 0.003, at the cerebral and muscle level, respectively). These findings suggest that HVR probably play a key role in blood flow and hemodynamic regulation in the microvasculature, hence modulating the amount of oxygen available for tissues. Nevertheless, the strengths of the associations are weak (R2 < 0.50), suggesting that other determinants modulate microvascular blood flow and oxygenation, such as vascular geometry and vasomotor reserve.
ISSN: 1386-0291

inserm-01081701
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01081701
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01081701/document
http://www.hal.inserm.fr/inserm-01081701/file/2013%2C%20Waltz%20-%20Is%20there%20a%20relationship%20between%20the%20hematocrit-to-viscosity%20ratio%20and%20microvascular%20oxygenation%20in%20brain%20and%20muscle.pdf
PUBMED : 23719422

Éditeur(s) : HAL CCSD
Résumé : From the protolanguage born with Homo erectus, the modern human language of Homo sapiens has naturally diversified into tonal, stress-timed, or syllable-timed languages, although the definition of the syllable has yet to be established. Thus for a French speaker, the transition from a language punctuated by the syllable to a language punctuated by the lexical stress will be a delicate point in learning oral English. For this purpose, we recommend the implementation of a reprogramming of the articulatory gesture in the brains as evidenced by articulatory phonology. Through the arched beam, Broca's area of the French-speaking learner will inhibit the French-related data to send to Wernicke's area new information regarding the reception / production of oral English.
A partir du protolangage né avec Homo erectus, le langage humain moderne d'Homo sapiens s'est naturellement diversifié en langues tonales, accentuelles, ou syllabiques, bien que la définition de la syllabe reste encore à établir. Ainsi pour un francophone, le passage d'une langue rythmée par la syllabe à une langue rythmée par l'accent lexical sera un point délicat de l'apprentissage de l'anglais oral. Pour ce faire, nous préconisons la mise en place d'une reprogrammation de la gestuelle articulatoire telle qu'elle a pu être mise en évidence par la phonologie articulatoire. Par le biais du faisceau arqué, l'aire de Broca de l'apprenant francophone inhibera les données liées au français pour envoyer à l'aire de Wernicke de nouvelles informations quant à la réception / production de l'anglais oral. Mots clés : neurodidactique, anglais oral, phonologie articulatoire, aires du langage, mémoire procédurale et à long terme. Abstract: From the protolanguage born with Homo erectus, the modern human language of Homo sapiens has naturally diversified into tonal, stress-timed, or syllable-timed languages, although the definition of the syllable has yet to be established. Thus for a French speaker, the transition from a language punctuated by the syllable to a language punctuated by the lexical stress will be a delicate point in learning oral English. For this purpose, we recommend the implementation of a reprogramming of the articulatory gesture in the brains as evidenced by articulatory phonology. Through the arched beam, Broca's area of the French-speaking learner will inhibit the French-related data to send to Wernicke's area new information regarding the reception / production of oral English.
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01626540

hal-01626540
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01626540
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01626540/document
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01626540/file/Neurodidactique%20%20Comment%20le%20cerveau%20d%27un%20apprenant%20francophone%20peut-il%20se%20programmer%20sur%20une%20langue%20accentuelle..pdf